Fig. 5

Comparable assays of reactive oxygen species production in the seeds between ‘HZ’ and ‘NMC’. A Nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) was used to detect the accumulation of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) in the ‘HZ’ and ‘NMC’ seeds at 5 DAP, 10 DAP, and 15 DAP. Scale bars are 1000 μm; B Dichlorodihydrofluorescein (DCF) fluorescence of ROS in longitudinal sections of the seeds between 'HZ' and 'NMC'. Scale bars are 100 μm. C Quantification of the DCF fluorescence intensity in the seeds of 'HZ' and 'NMC’. At least three independent experiments with three samples each were performed. Asterisks indicate a significant difference (Independent-Sample t-test: *** P < 0.001)