Fig. 5

Phenotypes and relative expression of genes in transgenic A. annua plants. a Schematics of the vectors PHB-TLR3, RNAi-TLR3 and Cas9-TLR3. b Comparison of plant height in WT and TLR3 transgenic plants. Scale bars, 10 cm. c Identification of TLR3 mutations in TLR3-Cas9 plants. The bases in red are insertions generated by genome editing. d Trichome density on the leaves of WT, TLR3-OE, TLR3-RNAi and TLR3-Cas9 plants as visualized by fluorescence microscopy. Scale bars, 100 µm. e Content of ART (artemisinin), trichome density and relative expression levels of the indicated genes in transgenic TLR3 A. annua plants